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Grammar

Structured grammar by CEFR level, from A1 to C2

Study one lesson at a time with detailed explanations, model sentences, and guided exercises. The first three lessons in each level are open to everyone. The remaining lessons unlock after sign in.

6 levels24 lessonsDetailed explanations + exercises

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Level A1

Grammar lessons for A1 learners

Work through these lessons in order and open any lesson whenever you are ready to study it.

A1 · Lesson 1
18 min

Identity and simple description

Verb to be: am, is, are

Learn how to introduce people, describe things, and talk about feelings with the verb to be.

5 Examples6 practice exercises
A1 · Lesson 2
18 min

Existence and quantity

There is / There are

Describe what exists in a place and how many things you can see.

5 Examples6 practice exercises
A1 · Lesson 3
20 min

Habits and facts

Present simple for routines

Talk about habits, timetables, and things that are usually true.

5 Examples6 practice exercises
A1 · Lesson 4
18 min

Ability and permission

Can / can't for ability and permission

Explain what people know how to do and what is allowed or not allowed.

5 Examples6 practice exercises

Level A2

Grammar lessons for A2 learners

Work through these lessons in order and open any lesson whenever you are ready to study it.

A2 · Lesson 1
20 min

Finished actions in the past

Past simple: finished past actions

Tell short stories and report what happened yesterday, last week, or last year.

5 Examples6 practice exercises
A2 · Lesson 2
20 min

Actions now and arranged plans

Present continuous for now and near-future arrangements

Use am/is/are + verb-ing to describe actions happening now and plans already arranged.

5 Examples6 practice exercises
A2 · Lesson 3
22 min

Comparison and evaluation

Comparatives and superlatives

Compare people, places, ideas, and products with clear adjective patterns.

5 Examples6 practice exercises
A2 · Lesson 4
18 min

Plans and visible future results

Be going to for plans and predictions

Talk about intentions and the future you can already see coming.

5 Examples6 practice exercises

Level B1

Grammar lessons for B1 learners

Work through these lessons in order and open any lesson whenever you are ready to study it.

B1 · Lesson 1
24 min

Time connection and experience

Present perfect vs past simple

Choose between life experience and finished past time without mixing the two systems.

5 Examples6 practice exercises
B1 · Lesson 2
24 min

Real possibility vs imagination

First and second conditional

Talk about real future possibilities and imagined situations with clear, logical patterns.

5 Examples6 practice exercises
B1 · Lesson 3
20 min

Past habits and former states

Used to for past habits and past states

Describe how life was different in the past without confusing finished habits and present reality.

5 Examples6 practice exercises
B1 · Lesson 4
24 min

Verb patterns after another verb

Gerunds and infinitives after common verbs

Know when English needs -ing, to + verb, or either pattern after another verb.

5 Examples6 practice exercises

Level B2

Grammar lessons for B2 learners

Work through these lessons in order and open any lesson whenever you are ready to study it.

B2 · Lesson 1
24 min

Focus on action, process, or result

Passive voice: form and purpose

Shift the focus from the doer to the action when the result or process matters more.

5 Examples6 practice exercises
B2 · Lesson 2
24 min

Retelling what people said

Reported speech

Retell what someone said without repeating the exact original words.

5 Examples6 practice exercises
B2 · Lesson 3
22 min

Degrees of certainty

Modal verbs of deduction

Use must, might, may, can't, and could to show how certain you are.

5 Examples6 practice exercises
B2 · Lesson 4
24 min

Reduced clauses in formal writing

Participle clauses

Make writing tighter and more advanced by reducing full clauses where the subject stays the same.

5 Examples6 practice exercises

Level C1

Grammar lessons for C1 learners

Work through these lessons in order and open any lesson whenever you are ready to study it.

C1 · Lesson 1
26 min

Formal emphasis and rhetorical effect

Inversion for emphasis

Use negative adverbials and formal inversion to create strong emphasis in writing and speech.

5 Examples6 practice exercises
C1 · Lesson 2
24 min

Nuanced conditions and limits

Advanced conditionals: provided, as long as, unless, otherwise

Move beyond if to express conditions with more precision and a more natural academic tone.

5 Examples6 practice exercises
C1 · Lesson 3
22 min

Cohesion and argument structure

Discourse markers for argument and flow

Connect ideas with smoother logic and clearer relationships between claims, examples, and concessions.

5 Examples6 practice exercises
C1 · Lesson 4
24 min

Past deduction and speculation

Modal perfects: may have, might have, must have, can't have

Reason about past events with different levels of certainty and hindsight.

5 Examples6 practice exercises

Level C2

Grammar lessons for C2 learners

Work through these lessons in order and open any lesson whenever you are ready to study it.

C2 · Lesson 1
26 min

Information focus and contrast

Cleft sentences for focus

Reshape a sentence to highlight the exact information the listener should notice.

5 Examples6 practice exercises
C2 · Lesson 2
24 min

Economy and natural cohesion

Ellipsis and substitution

Avoid repetition by leaving out predictable words or replacing them with do, so, not, and one/ones.

5 Examples6 practice exercises
C2 · Lesson 3
24 min

Certainty, caution, and tone

Hedging and stance

Sound precise rather than absolute by softening claims and signalling evaluation carefully.

5 Examples6 practice exercises
C2 · Lesson 4
28 min

Advanced information control

Fronting and formal inversion in advanced writing

Move key ideas to the front of the sentence to control rhythm, focus, and rhetorical impact.

5 Examples6 practice exercises